Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Monica is talking to a client about the importance of a skin care regimen.
Currently, the female client washes her makeup off with water only. What reason should Monica give
her client about the way to have good skin health and hygiene?
a. | Monica should tell her that good skin health and hygiene lead to a clear, glowing,
and even complexion. | b. | Monica should tell her that good skin health
and hygiene remove toxins that can enter the body through the skin. | c. | Monica should tell
her that good skin health and hygiene lead to increased collagen. | d. | Monica should tell
her that good skin health and hygiene now mean that she will not have to do any sort of expensive or
invasive treatments when she's older. |
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2.
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What is the name of the physician engaged in the practice of treating the
skin?
a. | Immunologist | b. | Dermatologist | c. | Endocrinologist | d. | Nephrologist |
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3.
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Jessica notices that a few toes on her client's feet seem to have a fungal
infection. Jessica suggests that the client start a regimen of regular foot soaks as well as using
tea tree oil, and that if she does this, she doesn't need to see a podiatrist. Jessica's
manager overhears this conversation and is unhappy with Jessica's response. Why?
a. | Clients only want their nails taken care of; they do not want medical
advice. | b. | Clients can become embarrassed by discussing a fungal infection. | c. | Nail technicians do
not get paid to be doctors and should not offer free medical advice. | d. | Nail technicians
should not provide any medical advice. |
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4.
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The integumentary system includes all of the following EXCEPT what?
a. | Skin | b. | Hair | c. | Exocrine
glands | d. | Blood |
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5.
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Continued repeated pressure on any part of the skin can cause it to thicken and
develop into what?
a. | Vitiligo | b. | Wheal | c. | Callus | d. | Vesicle |
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6.
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The epidermis is the _______________ layer of the skin.
a. | thickest | b. | thinnest | c. | most
sensitive | d. | callused |
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7.
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How long is the skin renewal process?
a. | 1 to 2 weeks | b. | 25 to 28 days | c. | 30 to 45
days | d. | 2 to 3 months |
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8.
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Which of the following is the grainy layer that consists of cells that look like
small, distinct granules?
a. | Stratum lucidum | b. | Stratum granulosum | c. | Stratum
spinosum | d. | Stratum germinativum |
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9.
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Which layer of the skin is home to oil glands and elastin?
a. | Reticular | b. | Subcutaneous | c. | Papillary | d. | Secretory |
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10.
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The outermost layer of the epidermis is covered with ______________, a mixture
of water, salts, minerals, and fatty lipids.
a. | melanin | b. | collagen | c. | elastin | d. | sebum |
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11.
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If a person produces excess amounts of oil, that person would have a problem
with what?
a. | Absorption | b. | Secretion | c. | Excretion | d. | Heat regulation |
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12.
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Skin care products formulated with vitamins A and C are related to which
function of the skin?
a. | Absorption | b. | Secretion | c. | Excretion | d. | Heat regulation |
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13.
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Which of the following is NOT one of the aspects of food that help support the
health of the skin?
a. | Fat | b. | Fiber | c. | Carbohydrates | d. | Protein |
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14.
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Excessive _________ in the body can create a condition called
hyponatremia.
a. | water | b. | blood | c. | keratin | d. | vitamin K |
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15.
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A person who has an issue with blood clotting may have trouble with what
vitamin?
a. | Vitamin A | b. | Vitamin C | c. | Vitamin
D | d. | Vitamin K |
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16.
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Ava is listening to a knowledgeable client tell her about her new antiaging skin
care routine that she came up with during her latest appointment with her dermatologist. She
mentioned that a key ingredient is vitamin E, which helps give her skin more collagen. What might Ava
be thinking about what her client is saying?
a. | She's right; vitamin E is important for collagen production. | b. | She must be
mistaken; vitamin C is what helps with collagen production. | c. | The client's
dermatologist hasn't been completely honest with her; there is no vitamin to help produce
collagen. | d. | Collagen is increased by what vitamins the client ingests, not what she puts on her
skin. |
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17.
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Which vitamin helps support the overall health of the skin?
a. | Vitamin A | b. | Vitamin C | c. | Vitamin
D | d. | Vitamin K |
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18.
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The best sources of _________________ are eggs, beef liver, carrots, sweet
potato, kale, and spinach.
a. | vitamin A | b. | vitamin C | c. | vitamin
D | d. | vitamin K |
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19.
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What factor is responsible for 80 to 85 percent of how skin ages?
a. | Sun exposure | b. | Eating habits | c. | Environment | d. | Heredity |
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20.
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What is the best defense against pollutants?
a. | SPF of at least 50 | b. | A skin care routine | c. | Wide-brimmed
hats | d. | Limiting exposure to cities where there are more air
pollutants |
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21.
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Which of the following may cause the skin to appear yellowish or gray in color
with a dull appearance?
a. | Alcohol | b. | Smoking | c. | Illicit
drugs | d. | Excessive eating |
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22.
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Which of the following can lead to telangiectasias with overuse?
a. | Alcohol | b. | Smoking | c. | Vaping | d. | Excessive
eating |
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23.
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What is the relationship between UV rays and skin aging?
a. | UVA and UVB rays break down collagen. | b. | UVA and UVB rays penetrate the epidermis and
affect melanocytes. | c. | UVA rays break down collagen; UVB rays
penetrate the epidermis and affect melanocytes. | d. | UVA rays penetrate the epidermis and affect
melanocytes; UVB rays break down collagen. |
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24.
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How much sun exposure should we get each day for vitamin D synthesis?
a. | 10 minutes | b. | 30 minutes | c. | 1
hour | d. | None is needed. |
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25.
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Which of the following is NOT considered a contagious skin disease?
a. | Shingles | b. | Psoriasis | c. | Athlete's
foot | d. | Warts |
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26.
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Which type of lesion is characterized by piles of material on the skin surface,
such as a scab?
a. | Primary | b. | Secondary | c. | Tertiary | d. | Primary and
secondary |
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27.
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What type of skin inflammation appears as a swollen red area that feels hot and
tender?
a. | Dermatitis | b. | Eczema | c. | Cellulitis | d. | Psoriasis |
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28.
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When checking for cancer on the skin, _____________ is when the mole darkens or
changes in color, itches or hurts, or changes in shape.
a. | asymmetry | b. | border irregularity | c. | diameter | d. | evolution |
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29.
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_________________ is also known as ringworm of the hand.
a. | Herpes simplex | b. | Verruca | c. | Tinea
manus | d. | Tinea pedis |
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30.
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_____________ is a medical term for abnormal skin inflammation.
a. | Dermatitis | b. | Vitiligo | c. | Histamine | d. | Verruca |
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31.
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_____________ is an immune response to contact allergies and irritants.
a. | Dermatitis | b. | Vitiligo | c. | Histamine | d. | Verruca |
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32.
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What would be the MOST likely reason that your client has an allergic or
irritant reaction?
a. | Improper product consistency | b. | Prolonged or repeated direct skin
contact | c. | Undercuring gel enhancements | d. | Underlying skin
disease |
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33.
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The ______________, found in polymer powders, is needed to start the chemical
reaction that causes monomer liquid to harden.
a. | verruca | b. | comedo | c. | bulla | d. | initiator |
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34.
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It is estimated that _____ percent of all nail technicians at some point are
affected by irritants or allergies.
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35.
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What is it called when the skin is irritated by a substance?
a. | Dermatitis | b. | Contact dermatitis | c. | Irritant contact
dermatitis | d. | Allergic contact dermatitis |
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36.
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How long does it usually take for sensitive clients to show symptoms of allergic
reaction?
a. | After the first appointment | b. | 2–3 weeks | c. | 4–6
months | d. | 6–12 months |
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37.
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Where is a nail technician NOT likely to experience skin allergies?
a. | Between the thumb and pointer finger | b. | On the palm | c. | On the
face | d. | Top of the nail bed |
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38.
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Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that UV gels improperly
cure?
a. | Applying product too thick | b. | Dirty lamps in the UV/LED lamp
unit | c. | Too long a cure time under the UV/LED lamp | d. | Using a UV/LED light
unit that was not designed for the gel system used |
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39.
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Which of the following would be considered a medical condition that should be
seen by a physician and NOT a nail tech?
a. | Hangnails | b. | A bruise on the nail bed | c. | Paronychia | d. | Plicatured
nails |
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40.
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Nails are part of ________________________.
a. | the ligaments | b. | the integumentary system | c. | leukonychia | d. | onychia |
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41.
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What part of the natural nail unit protects the tips of the fingers and
toes?
a. | Nail plate | b. | Nail cuticle | c. | Matrix | d. | Nail bed |
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42.
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The natural nail itself is technically referred to as the ____________.
a. | nail plate | b. | nail cuticle | c. | matrix | d. | onyx |
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43.
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The _______________ is composed mainly of keratin.
a. | nail plate | b. | nail cuticle | c. | matrix | d. | onyx |
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44.
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What are the characteristics of a normal, healthy nail?
a. | Soft and flexible | b. | Firm and rigid | c. | Firm and
flexible | d. | Soft with ridges |
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45.
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What color is NOT normal for a healthy nail?
a. | Whitish | b. | Reddish | c. | Pinkish | d. | Beige |
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46.
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Which of the following is NOT a part of the natural nail unit?
a. | The nail plates | b. | The nail cuticle | c. | The
matrix | d. | The onyx |
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47.
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The proximal nail fold is the entire flap of skin that covers what?
a. | The sidewall | b. | The nail bed | c. | The
matrix | d. | The free edge |
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48.
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The nail plate has approximately how many layers?
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49.
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What is the water content of a healthy nail?
a. | 5 percent | b. | 15 percent | c. | 15–25
percent | d. | 25 percent |
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50.
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Cuticle moisturizers are designed for all EXCEPT?
a. | Cuticle | b. | Proximal nail fold | c. | Lateral
sidewalls | d. | Hyponychium |
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51.
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A ___________________ is a tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or
holds an organ in place.
a. | ligament | b. | free edge | c. | nail
plate | d. | nail bed |
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52.
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What is the relationship between water content and the nail?
a. | The lower the water content, the more rigid the nail becomes. | b. | The higher the water
content, the more rigid the nail becomes. | c. | The lower the water content, the softer the
nail becomes. | d. | The higher the water content, the more likely infection can
occur. |
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53.
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What helps guide the nail plate along the nail bed as it grows?
a. | The free edge | b. | The sidewalls | c. | The
cuticle | d. | The epithelium |
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54.
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Why must the hyponychium be treated gently?
a. | A damaged hyponychium would mean that any nail service would have to start
over. | b. | If the hyponychium is damaged, it would cause the rest of the nail service products
to work incorrectly. | c. | A damaged hyponychium would need immediate
medical assistance. | d. | If the hyponychium is damaged, an infection
under the nail plate is possible. |
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55.
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How would you compare the relationship between the matrix and the plate?
a. | The length, width, and curvature of the matrix determine the thickness, width, and
curvature of the plate. | b. | The length, width, and curvature of the plate
determine the thickness, width, and curvature of the matrix. | c. | The texture of the
matrix determines the texture of the plate. | d. | The length of the matrix determines the length
of the plate. |
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56.
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During what time of year do nail plates grow fastest?
a. | Winter | b. | Spring | c. | Summer | d. | Fall |
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57.
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Which nail grows the fastest?
a. | Thumb | b. | Index | c. | Middle | d. | Ring |
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58.
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How long does it take for toenail plates to be fully replaced?
a. | 4 to 6 months | b. | 6 to 9 months | c. | 9 to 12
months | d. | 12 to 18 months |
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59.
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How long does it take for fingernail plates to be fully replaced?
a. | 4 to 6 months | b. | 6 to 9 months | c. | 9 to 12
months | d. | 12 to 18 months |
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60.
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Which of the following groups of people would have the fastest growing
nails?
a. | Children | b. | Adult males | c. | Adult
females | d. | The elderly |
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61.
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How would you recommend a person make his or her nail plate grow thicker?
a. | Regular manicures can make the nail plate grow thicker over time. | b. | Nothing can make the
nail plate grow thicker. | c. | A healthy diet and exercise can help the nail
plate grow thicker. | d. | Pregnancy typically helps the nail plate grow
thicker. |
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62.
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What can affect the shape or thickness of the nail plate?
a. | Damage to the matrix will affect the shape and thickness of the nail
plate. | b. | Increased levels of vitamin C can increase the thickness of the
matrix. | c. | Postpregnancy can decrease the thickness and shape of the nail
plate. | d. | Children have thicker nail plates than adults. |
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63.
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Which of the following disorders is associated with a noticeably thin, white
nail plate that is more flexible than normal and is usually caused by improper diet, heredity,
internal disease, medication, or overfiling with an abrasive?
a. | Bruised nail bed | b. | Beau's lines | c. | Eggshell
nail | d. | Discolored nail |
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64.
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Which of the following disorders is associated with dark purplish spots usually
due to a small injury to the nail bed?
a. | Bruised nail bed | b. | Beau's lines | c. | Eggshell
nail | d. | Discolored nail |
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65.
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Which of the following diseases is associated with rapidly growing and
contagious bacteria that can cause an infection, and which in early stages is associated with a
yellow-green spot?
a. | Onycholysis | b. | Paronychia | c. | Tinea
pedis | d. | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
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66.
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Which of the following diseases is associated with bacterial inflammation of the
tissues around the nail plate, causing pus, swelling, and redness?
a. | Onycholysis | b. | Paronychia | c. | Tinea
pedis | d. | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
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67.
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Which type of glove is recommended for nail techs?
a. | Cotton | b. | Rubber | c. | Nitrile | d. | Latex |
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68.
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Which type of disorder is associated with significant darkening of the
fingernails or toenails caused by increased pigment cells?
a. | Hangnails | b. | Infected finger | c. | Leukonychia | d. | Melanonychia |
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69.
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What type of disorder is associated with damage to the capillaries under the
nail?
a. | Nail psoriasis | b. | Onychophagy | c. | Pincer
nail | d. | Splinter hemorrhage |
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70.
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Phyllis is a nail tech who has recently moved to California. During her
interview, she describes how her many years of work at another spa have made her well suited for this
new position. When asked to describe the services she performed, Phyllis briefly mentions waxing in
conversation. Why would that surprise Phyllis's interviewer?
a. | Most manicurists are not permitted to remove hair by waxing. | b. | The interviewer
wouldn't have understood what Phyllis might have been waxing while giving a
manicure. | c. | Spas don't typically perform any kind of waxing. | d. | Typically, waxing is
only performed by upper-level nail technicians, and Phyllis never mentioned her high
standing. |
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71.
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Nail technicians are governed under ________________.
a. | podiatry | b. | cosmetology | c. | dermatology | d. | trichology |
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72.
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The scope of practice for nail technicians is found under
________________.
a. | Reports | b. | Summary | c. | Outline | d. | Definitions |
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73.
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Which of the following is used to enhance the appearance of an
individual?
a. | Medical practices | b. | Medical devices | c. | Beauty
services | d. | Drugs |
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74.
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How would you explain to someone why a nail tech might NOT be able to perform
some services that a podiatrist might?
a. | Podiatrists know how to do certain things that nail technicians
don't. | b. | If a procedure is listed under a podiatry license, it is prohibited for anyone
licensed under cosmetology. | c. | Each salon and spa has its own set of rules for
the services it provides; some are restricted, and a client would have to see a podiatrist
instead. | d. | Nail techs and podiatrists work together to help serve clients; therefore, there are
services that nail techs do and others that podiatrists perform. |
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75.
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What would you say to someone who says that because something is NOT
specifically prohibited, it is allowed?
a. | You can only perform what is listed specifically on your license. | b. | You can perform
anything that is not specifically prohibited on your license. | c. | You can perform
anything that is listed on your license or a podiatrist’s license. | d. | You can only perform
what is listed on your license and what is accepted by your salon or
spa. |
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