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Chapter 4

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 

Which of the following is NOT considered one of the reasons that nail technicians must differentiate between healthy and unhealthy client's nails?
a.
You must be able to identify conditions that are affected by the weather conditions and humidity.
b.
You must be able to identify conditions that should not be treated in the salon.
c.
You need to take appropriate steps to protect yourself and your clients from the spread of disease.
d.
You could be in a position to see conditions that may signal mild to serious health problems that require the attention of a doctor.
 

 2. 

Nails are part of ________________________.
a.
the ligaments
b.
the integumentary system
c.
leukonychia
d.
onychia
 

 3. 

The _______________ is composed mainly of keratin.
a.
nail plate
b.
nail cuticle
c.
matrix
d.
onyx
 

 4. 

What color is NOT normal for a healthy nail?
a.
Whitish
b.
Reddish
c.
Pinkish
d.
Beige
 

 5. 

The natural nail unit is which part of the nail?
a.
The tip to the first knuckle
b.
The tip to the second knuckle
c.
The whole finger
d.
The nail itself
 

 6. 

The proximal nail fold is the entire flap of skin that covers what?
a.
The sidewall
b.
The nail bed
c.
The matrix
d.
The free edge
 

 7. 

What is the water content of a healthy nail?
a.
5 percent
b.
15 percent
c.
15–25 percent
d.
25 percent
 

 8. 

Cuticle moisturizers are designed for all EXCEPT?
a.
Cuticle
b.
Proximal nail fold
c.
Lateral sidewalls
d.
Hyponychium
 

 9. 

The __________________ is the part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe.
a.
trumpet nail
b.
free edge
c.
plicatured nail
d.
natural nail
 

 10. 

What is the living skin that supports the nail plate as it grows toward the free edge?
a.
Free edge
b.
Sidewalls
c.
Nail bed
d.
Matrix
 

 11. 

The growth of the nail plate is affected by all of the following EXCEPT:
a.
nutrition.
b.
genes.
c.
exercise.
d.
general health.
 

 12. 

A normal nail plate grows forward from the ________ and extends over the tip of the finger.
a.
nail bed
b.
sidewalls
c.
cuticle
d.
matrix
 

 13. 

How would you compare the relationship between the matrix and the plate?
a.
The length, width, and curvature of the matrix determine the thickness, width, and curvature of the plate.
b.
The length, width, and curvature of the plate determine the thickness, width, and curvature of the matrix.
c.
The texture of the matrix determines the texture of the plate.
d.
The length of the matrix determines the length of the plate.
 

 14. 

How long does it take for toenail plates to be fully replaced?
a.
4 to 6 months
b.
6 to 9 months
c.
9 to 12 months
d.
12 to 18 months
 

 15. 

Which of the following groups of people would have the fastest growing nails?
a.
Children
b.
Adult males
c.
Adult females
d.
The elderly
 

 16. 

What is the relationship between nail cell production and plate growth?
a.
The faster nail cells are produced, the slower the plate will grow.
b.
The faster nail cells are produced, the faster the plate will grow.
c.
The slower nail cells are produced, the faster the plate will grow.
d.
Nail cells that grow fast make the plate brittle.
 

 17. 

What can affect the shape or thickness of the nail plate?
a.
Damage to the matrix will affect the shape and thickness of the nail plate.
b.
Increased levels of vitamin C can increase the thickness of the matrix.
c.
Postpregnancy can decrease the thickness and shape of the nail plate.
d.
Children have thicker nail plates than adults.
 

 18. 

Which of the following disorders is associated with the nail turning a variety of colors, which may indicate surface staining, a systemic disorder, or poor blood circulation?
a.
Bruised nail bed
b.
Beau's lines
c.
Eggshell nail
d.
Discolored nail
 

 19. 

Which of the following diseases is associated with rapidly growing and contagious bacteria that can cause an infection, and which in early stages is associated with a yellow-green spot?
a.
Onycholysis
b.
Paronychia
c.
Tinea pedis
d.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
 

 20. 

Which of the following diseases is associated with fungal infections of the feet, or athlete's foot?
a.
Onycholysis
b.
Paronychia
c.
Tinea pedis
d.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
 

 21. 

Which of the following diseases is associated with the separation of the nail plate and bed due to injury or allergic reactions?
a.
Onycholysis
b.
Paronychia
c.
Tinea pedis
d.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
 

 22. 

Which type of disorder is associated with significant darkening of the fingernails or toenails caused by increased pigment cells?
a.
Hangnails
b.
Infected finger
c.
Leukonychia
d.
Melanonychia
 

 23. 

Phyllis is a nail tech who has recently moved to California. During her interview, she describes how her many years of work at another spa have made her well suited for this new position. When asked to describe the services she performed, Phyllis briefly mentions waxing in conversation. Why would that surprise Phyllis's interviewer?
a.
Most manicurists are not permitted to remove hair by waxing.
b.
The interviewer wouldn't have understood what Phyllis might have been waxing while giving a manicure.
c.
Spas don't typically perform any kind of waxing.
d.
Typically, waxing is only performed by upper-level nail technicians, and Phyllis never mentioned her high standing.
 

 24. 

Nail technicians are governed under ________________.
a.
podiatry
b.
cosmetology
c.
dermatology
d.
trichology
 

 25. 

How would you explain to someone why a nail tech might NOT be able to perform some services that a podiatrist might?
a.
Podiatrists know how to do certain things that nail technicians don't.
b.
If a procedure is listed under a podiatry license, it is prohibited for anyone licensed under cosmetology.
c.
Each salon and spa has its own set of rules for the services it provides; some are restricted, and a client would have to see a podiatrist instead.
d.
Nail techs and podiatrists work together to help serve clients; therefore, there are services that nail techs do and others that podiatrists perform.
 



 
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